癌症生物疗法

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概述

癌症生物疗法是一种利用人体免疫系统杀死癌细胞的治疗类型。

癌症生物疗法可以治疗多种类型的癌症。它可以预防或减缓肿瘤生长并防止癌症扩散。当癌症扩散时，称为转移性癌症。癌症生物疗法产生的毒副作用通常比其他癌症治疗更少。

目的

Biological therapy for cancer is a treatment that helps the body's immune system kill cancer cells. The goal of biological therapy for cancer is to get the immune system to find and kill cancer cells. Biological therapy can help treat many kinds of cancers.

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风险

Risks of biological therapy for cancer may depend on the type of treatment you receive. There are many kinds of biological therapy treatments for cancer. The goal of all of these treatments is to help the body's immune system kill the cancer.

Flu-like symptoms are a common side effect of biological therapy for cancer. These symptoms might include:

  • Chills.
  • Feeling very tired.
  • Fever.
  • Headache.
  • Joint and muscle pain.
  • Nausea and vomiting.

Rarely, biological therapy for cancer can cause the immune system to attack healthy tissue. This can lead to swelling and irritation of the affected organs.

可能出现的情况

What you can expect during biological therapy for cancer depends on the type of treatment you receive. Biological therapy for cancer helps the body's immune system kill cancer cells.

In general, biological therapies work by:

  • Getting the immune system to attack cancer cells. There are several ways biological therapy treatments can do this. One way is putting chemicals that get the immune system working into the body. Another is training a sample of immune system cells from a person in a lab to attack cancer cells, then putting them back into that person's body.
  • Making cancer cells easier for the immune system to find. Biological therapy also can target the cancer cells, turning on or off cell signals that help cancer cells hide from the immune system. For example, medicines called immune checkpoint inhibitors can target certain receptors on the surface of the cancer cells. The inhibitors block the signals the cancer cells send to keep the immune system from finding them.

Many different biological therapy treatments exist, including:

  • Adoptive T-cell therapy.
  • Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy, also called BCG therapy.
  • Cancer vaccines.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy.
  • Cytokine therapy.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors and modulators.
  • Immunoconjugates.
  • Immunotherapy.
  • Monoclonal antibodies.
  • Targeted therapy.
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy.

Some types of biological therapy are used only in clinical trials. That means they still are being studied. Biological therapy for cancer is an active area of cancer research.

结果

The results of biological therapy for cancer may take time. Ask your healthcare team when you can expect to know the results. You might have imaging tests or other tests to see if the cancer is shrinking.

临床试验

探索 Mayo Clinic 的研究 测试新的治疗、干预与检查方法，旨在预防、检测、治疗或控制这种疾病。

来自妙佑医疗国际员工

在 Mayo Clinic 治疗

申请预约
医生与科室
July 29, 2023
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  1. Immunotherapy to treat cancer. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy. Accessed March 22, 2023.
  2. Papiez MA, et al. Biological therapies in the treatment of cancer — Update and new directions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; doi:10.3390/ijms222111694.
  3. Niederhuber JE, et al., eds. Therapeutic antibodies and immunologic conjugates. In: Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 22, 2023.
  4. Huang JL, et al. Targeting DNA damage response and immune checkpoint for anticancer therapy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; doi:10.3390/ijms23063238.

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